JOURNAL (9) & CONFERENCE PAPERS (20)              THESIS (3)            

Journal and conference papers:

Novel Designs
•    D. E. Serrano, A. Rahafrooz, D. Younkin, K. Nunan, M. Dalal, S. Pal, I. Jafri, and S. Hiraoka, "Acoustically Isolated MEMS Baw Gyroscopes," IEEE Int. Conf. on MEMS, 2023, pp. 853-56.
•    S. Pal, S. R. Samuelson, X. Zhang, and H. Xie, “Large in-plane displacement microactuators based on electro-thermal bimorphs with folded multiple segments,” in The 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (Transducers & Eurosensors XXVII), Barcelona, Spain, 2013, pp. 1587–1590.
•    S. Pal, S. R. Samuelson, and H. Xie, “Novel mechanisms for millimeter range piston actuation of vertical micromirrors and microlenses,” presented at the International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics (IEEE Photonics Society), Banff, Alberta, 2012.
•    L. Liu, S. Pal, and H. Xie, “MEMS mirrors based on a curved concentric electrothermal actuator,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 188, pp. 349–358, Dec. 2012.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “A curved multimorph based electrothermal micromirror with large scan range and low drive voltage,” Sensors and Actuators: A Physical, vol. 170, no. 1–2, pp. 156–163, Nov. 2011.
•    S. Pal and Huikai Xie, “Design and fabrication of 2D fast electrothermal micromirrors with large scan range and small center shift,” in Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (Transducers), Beijing, 2011, pp. 2550–2553.
•    L. Liu, S. Pal, and H. Xie, “MEMS mirrors based on curved concentric electrothermal actuators with very small lateral shift and tilt,” in 16th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference (Transducers), Beijing, 2011, pp. 2522–2525.

Modeling and Analysis
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Analysis and fabrication of curved multimorph transducers that undergo bending and twisting,” JMEMS, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 1241–1251, Oct. 2012.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Analysis, simulation and fabrication of curved multimorphs that undergo bending and twisting,” presented at the IEEE Sensors, Limerick, Ireland, 2011, pp. 667–670.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Distributed and lumped element models for a bimorph-actuated micromirror,” Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 20, p. 045020, 2010.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Analysis and simulation of curved bimorph microactuators,” presented at the NSTI-Nanotech (Microtech Conference and Expo), Anaheim, CA, 2010, vol. 2, pp. 685–688.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Dynamic compact thermal model of an electrothermal micromirror based on transmission line theory,” presented at the NSTI-Nanotech (Microtech Conference and Expo), Anaheim, CA, 2010, vol. 2, pp. 589–592.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “A parametric dynamic compact thermal model of an electrothermally actuated micromirror,” Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 19, no. 6, p. 065007, 2009.
•    K. Jia, S. Pal, and H. Xie, “An electrothermal tip–tilt–piston micromirror based on folded Dual S-shaped bimorphs,” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1004–1015, Oct. 2009.
•    K. Jia, S. Pal, and H. Xie, “An agile tip-tilt-piston micromirror with large aperture, large scanning range and low driving voltage,” presented at the Hilton Head: A Solid-state Sensors, Actuators, and Microsystems Workshop, Hilton Head Island, SC, USA, 2008, pp. 284–287.
•    S. Pal, K. Jia, S. Maley, and H. Xie, “Reduced order thermal modeling of a one-dimensional electrothermally actuated micromirror device,” in MEMS/MOEMS Components and Their Applications V. Special Focus Topics: Transducers at the Micro-Nano Interface (Photonics West Conf.), San Jose, CA, 2008, vol. 6885, p. 68850B–11.
•    A. K. Ghosh and S. Pal, “Optimal actuation of a MEMS cantilever by a laser beam,” in Optomechatronic Actuators, Manipulation and Systems Control: Proc. SPIE (Photonics East Conf.), 2006, vol. 6374, p. 63740O.
•    S. Pal and A. K. Ghosh, “Optimal actuation of micro-cantilevers by laser radiation pressure,” Electronics Letters, vol. 42, pp. 580–581, 2006.
•    S. Pal and T. K. Bhattacharyya, “Radial air gap flux of DC machines with Ansys 7.0,” presented at the Ansys users’ conference, New Delhi, 2004.

Reliability
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Fabrication of robust electrothermal MEMS devices using aluminum–tungsten bimorphs and polyimide thermal isolation,” Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 22, no. 11, p. 115036, Oct. 2012.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “A process for fabricating robust electrothermal micromirrors with customizable thermal response time and power consumption,” presented at the International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics (IEEE Photonics Society), Istanbul, Turkey, 2011, pp. 157–158.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Repeatability study of an electrothermally actuated micromirror,” presented at the 47th annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium, Montreal, Canada, 2009, pp. 549–556.

Control
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Pre-shaped open loop drive of electrothermal micromirror by continuous and pulse width modulated waveforms,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1254–1260, 2010.
•    S. Pal and H. Xie, “Maximization of constant velocity scan range of electrothermally-actuated micromirror by pulse width modulated drive,” presented at the IEEE/LEOS International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics, Clearwater, FL, 2009, pp. 55–56.
•    S. Pal, K. Jia, and H. Xie, “An electrothermal micromirror with high linear scanning efficiency,” presented at the The 20th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (IEEE/LEOS), Lake Buena Vista, FL, 2007, pp. 914–915.

Applications
•    K. Jia, S. Pal, L. Wu, D. Hamilton, and H. Xie, “Dental optical coherence tomography employing miniaturized MEMS-based imaging probe,” presented at the IEEE/LEOS International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics, 2009, pp. 1–2.
•    K. Jia, S. Pal, and H. Xie, “High-fill-factor, tip-tilt-piston micromirror array with hidden bimorph actuators and surface mounting capability,” presented at the IEEE/LEOS International Conference on Optical MEMS & Nanophotonics, Clearwater, FL, 2009, pp. 67–68.
•    A. K. Ghosh and S. Pal, “A MEMS device for measuring laser power and spot-size,” in Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices VI: Proc. SPIE (Photonics West Conf.), SPIE, 2009, vol. 7222, p. 72220N–5.
•    X. Feng, A. Jain, S. Pal, L. Xiao, T. Nishida, and H. Xie, “LVD micromirror for rapid reference scanning in optical coherence tomography,” in MEMS/MOEMS Components and Their Applications IV: Proc. SPIE (Photonics West Conf.), San Jose, CA, 2007, vol. 6464, p. 64640M–9.


Thesis:

  1. Modeling and Reliability of Electrothermal Micromirrors, PhD
    Supervisor: Dr. Huikai Xie, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engg., University of Florida, Gainesville, August 2011.
  2. Theory and Applications of Optically Actuated MEMS Structures, M.Tech
    Supervisor: Dr. Anjan K. Ghosh, Dept. of Electrical Engg., IIT Kanpur, 2006.
  3. Electric Machine Analysis Using Field Theory, B.Tech
    Supervisor: Dr. T. K. Bhattacharyya , Dept. of Electrical Engg.,  IIT Kharagpur, 2004.

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